actor?原告，管理人
actus?行为；驾车通行权
actus?legitis?要式行为（未附条件、期限的行为）??addictio?将被告本人裁交原告??addictio?in?die择优解除约款??adetio?取消??adfinis?姻亲
adfinitas?姻亲关系
adfinitates?serviles?奴隶姻亲关系??adgnatio?宗亲
adgnati(o?cognati)ex?lateribus?旁系血亲（血亲）??adgnatus?宗亲属，父系亲属
adgnatus?proxis?最近宗亲属??adgnatus?ultis?远宗亲属
aditio?hereditatis?接受继承，接受遗产??adiudicatio?分配裁判，分析裁判??adlectio?选择任职，任职
adlectus?solutionis?causa?基于要式口约接受清偿的人??adnistratio?管理，协助
adnistrator?reru财产管理人??adoptator?收养人??adoptatus?被收养人??adoptio?他权人收养
adoptio?plena?完全收养
adoptio?nus?plena?不完全收养??adrogatio?自权人收养
adsertor?libertatis?释奴人
adstipulator?要式口约的共同债权人??adulteriu通奸??aedes?建筑物，房屋??aediles?营造官
aedilis?curulis?市政官??aedilicius?从属人的地位??aequitas?公正
aestitio?估价，行纪
affectio(ritalis)?婚意，配偶关系??affectio?possidendi?占有心素??ager?censorius?公借地？??ager?colonicus?殖民地土地??agerpascuus?公共牧场
ager?decunus?承担交纳什一税的田地??ager?desertus?撂荒地
ager?ex?hostibus?captus?从敌人手中取得的土地??ager?occupatorius?战胜者土地
1
拉汉法律词汇表
lossario?latino-cinese?di?diritto?rono
abdicatio?弃权，放弃（公法范畴皇帝或官员放弃职位）??abdicatio?tutelae?辞去监护??absens?失踪人
absentia?失踪；缺席
absolutio?免诉，宣告无罪，开释
abstinnere?ab?hereditate?放弃继承权??acceptilatio?正式免除??accessio?添附??accipiens?受让人
accusatio?指控，控诉
accusatiosuspecti?tutoris?使遣嘱监护人丧失监护权的刑事诉讼，对嫌疑监护人的控告??aquisitio?取得??actio?诉讼；诉权
actio?ad?exelu类似……之诉
actio?ad?exhibendu出示之诉，交出原物之诉；提出之诉
acito?aestitoria(quanti?noris)?行纪之诉，估价之诉（减价之诉）??actio?aquae?pluveae?arcendae?排放雨水之诉??actio?arbitraria?调解之诉，仲裁之诉，??actio?auctoritatis?瑕疵担保之诉
actio?bona?fidei(=ludicia?bonae?fidei)?善意诉讼，诚信诉讼??actio?calvisiana?卡尔维西安之诉（解放自由人法定继承之诉）??actio?certa?pecuniae?creditae?确定的金钱债务之诉
actio?civilis?inceti(=praescriptis?verbis)?不确定的市工法诉讼，对待给付之诉??actiodati?使用借贷之诉，出借物之诉??actiodati?contraria?对待使用借贷之诉
actioni?divedendo?(divedundo)?分割共有物之诉，分割共同财产之诉??actio?conducti(ex?conducto)?承租之诉
actio?confessoria?确认役权之诉（包括用益权）
actio?confessoria?utilis?确认役权扩用之诉（包括用益权）
actio?contraria?对待诉讼（适用于不完全的双务契约；寄托、使用借贷、信托、委托、质权）
actio?fiduciae?信托诉讼
actio?fiduciae?contraria?对待信托诉讼??actio?dai?iniuriae?不法侵害财产之诉??actio?de?aestito?行纪之诉，估价之诉
actio?de?arboribus?caedendis?砍伐树木之诉??actio?de?effusisvel?deiectis?泼到或投掷之诉
actio?iniuriaru(actio?aestitoria)?侵辱之诉，伤害之诉??actio?institoria?总管之诉??actio?iudicati?已决案之诉
2
actio?legati(actio?ex?testanto)??遗赠之诉（遗嘱之诉）？??actio?locati?出租之诉，定做人之诉??actio?ndati?委托之诉
actio?ndati?contraria?对待委托之诉??actio?xta?混合之诉
actio?negatoria?否定役权之诉（包括用益权）；所有权保全之诉??actio?negotiorucontraria?对待管理财产行为之诉??actio?negotiorugestoru管理财产行为之诉??actio?noxalis?损害投偿之诉
actio?oneris?aversi?混装货物之诉
actio?pauliana?保利安之诉，债权保全之诉
actio?persequendae?rei(=actio?persecutoria)?索回物品之诉??actio?pigneraticia?质押之诉，质物请求之诉??actio?pigneraticia?contraria?对待质物请求之诉??actio?popularis?民众之诉，公益之诉，众有诉权??actio?praescriptis?verbis?对待给付之诉??actio?pro?socio?合伙之诉
actio?publicana?普布利西安之诉，善意占有之诉??actio?quod?iussu?依令之诉
actio?quod?tus?causa?胁迫之诉
actio?rationibus?distrahendis?侵吞财产之诉，帐目清洁之诉??actio?recepticia(ex)?承保之诉??actio?redhibitoria?退货之诉
actio?reipersecutoria?损害赔偿之诉
actio?rei?uxoriae(actio?de?dote)?返还嫁资之诉，妻财之诉
actio?reruataru返还妻子盗窃的丈夫的财产之诉，藏匿婚后财产之诉
actio?rerulegatorunone?(=actio?ex?testanto)??????遗赠物指定之诉??actio?rutiliana?收买（活着的）破产债务人财产之诉??actio?sequestrataria?扣押之诉
actio?serviana?抵押担保之诉，塞尔维安之诉，出售破产债务人财产之诉??actio?servi?corrupti?诱惑奴隶之诉，腐蚀奴隶之诉??actio?stricti?iuris?严法诉讼
actio?subsidiaria?补充诉权（在没有确定的诉讼保护时赋予的诉讼，通常为欺诈之诉）??actio?suspecti?tutoris?监护人嫌疑诉讼??actio?teorales(teorariae)?临时诉讼??actio?tributoria?分配之诉，分摊之诉??actio?tutelae?监护诉讼??actio?utilis?扩用之诉
actio?venditi(ex?vendito)?卖物之诉
actio?vi?bonoruraptoru暴力抢劫之诉??actio?vindicatio?usufructus?确认用益权之诉
actiones?in?ius?conceptae?基于法律之诉（依市场法之诉）??actiones?perpetuae?永久诉讼，永久诉权
actiones?poenales(=actio?pigneraticia?contraria)????？（相对质物请求之诉
4
ager?privatus?私人土地??ager?publicus?公地
ager?quaestorius?永租地
ager?stipendiarius?贡赋地（al?principes,行省土地）??ager?vectigalis?纳税田（al?popolus,罗马及行省地）??agnoscere?liberos?承认子女??agricola?农民
agrinsor?土地测量人??alae?风险购买，射悻??alienatio?让渡??alieni?iuris?他权
aliud?pro?alio?易物出售？??alluvio?淤积地??avere?强占
aliationes?审判延期??anis?心素，意思，愿望??annona?粮食供给??apolides?无城邦者
apostolus?上诉移送状？??appellatio?控告，上诉??appellator?控诉人
aqua?et?igni?interdictio?充军，切断水火??aquae?dactus?用水权??aquae?haustus?汲水权
aquae?ducendae(ductus)?排水权，导水权??arbitriu裁决，判断
arbitriuboni?viri?公正人士的决定??arbor?infelix?绞刑??argentarius?钱庄主??arrhae?定金
arrha?confirtoria?承诺定金??arrha?poenitentialis?惩罚性定金
arrhae?sponsaliciae?订婚保证金，聘礼
auctoritatis?interpositio?补充能力，需要准可??auctoritas?patru元老院准可??auctoritas?principis?君主准可
auctoritas?prudentiu法学家的权威学说??auctoritas?tutoris?监护人的准可，批准，授权??audientia?听审??auspicia?占卜权??avulsio?冲积地
beneficiuabstinendi?因弃权的照顾
beneficiuetentiae?能力利益，能力限度照顾??beneficiuinventarii?财产清单利益
5
beneficiulegis?faecidiae?法尔其第法的恩惠
beneficiuliberoruvel?aetatis?子女或年龄的照顾??beneficiuseparationis?区分之利益
bis?de?eadere?agi?non?potest?(bis?de?eadere?ne?sit?actio)?一事不再理，禁止一事两诉??bona?财产
bnoa?adventicia?外来特有产??bona?fides?善意，诚实信用??bona?terna?母遗特有产
bona?vacantia?sine?herede?无人继承的遗产??bonae?fidei?iudicia?善意诉讼，诚信之诉??bonorucessio?财产让与
bonorudistractio?部分变卖财产，财产零卖??bonoruetio?购买破产债务人的财产??bonoruetor?购买破产债务人财产的人
bonorupossessio?contra(sine)tabulas?违反遗嘱的遗产占有??bonorupossessio?edictalis?依告示的遗产占有??bonorupossessio?decretalis?依裁决的遗产占有
bonorupossessio?ex?carboniano?edicto?依卡尔波尼安告示的遗产占有??bonorupossessio?furiosi?none?以精神病人名义的遗产占有??bonorupossessio?secundutabulas?依据遗嘱的遗产占有??bonorupossessio?ventris?none?以胎儿名义的遗产占有??bonorupossessor?遗产占有人
bonoruvenditio?变卖破产债务人的财产??boni?res?善良风俗??caluia?诬告
capitalis?死刑，极刑，剥夺自由??capitis?denutio?人格变更
capitis?denutio?xi?人格大变更??capitis?denutio?dia?人格中变更??capitis?denutio?ni?人格小更变??caput?人格，民事资格??casus?事变
casus?cui?resisti?non?potest?无法抗拒的事变??casus?fortuitus?意外事变
casus?irovisus?无法预见的事变??casus?ior?意外事变??casus?nor?轻微事变??casus?xtus?混合事变
casus?voluntarius?依本人意愿发生的事变??causa?原因，事由
causa?cognita?熟悉所有的情况，调查案件事实??cautio?保证金，担保，约据
cautio?dai?infecti?关于潜在损害之要式口约，谨防未生损害之诉
7
 itia?curiata?库里亚大会，贵族大会?itia?tributa?部落大会
 es?reruprivatu私人财产管理人
 ntarius?inquisitio(=anquisitio)??审讯记录（起诉书？）纠问?rciu贸易，贸易权，交易资格?dator?使用借贷人?datu使用借贷?nio?共有权，共有?pensatio?抵销
 prossu仲裁协议??conciliuplebis?平民会议??concubinatus?姘合
concursus?actionu诉讼的竞合??concursus?creditoru债权人的竞合
condeatio?判决（程式诉讼）、判决要旨??condictio?要求返还之诉，要求给付之诉??condictio?cautionis?返还保证金之诉
condictio?certae?rei(condictio?triticaria;certi?condictio)?返还确定物之诉??condictio?ex?testanto?基于遗嘱之诉??condictio?ex?causa?furtiva?返还被盗物之诉
condictio?incerta?债不确定索回，返还不确定物之诉??condictio?indebiti?要求返还不当得利
condictio?ob?turpevel?iniustacausa基于不名誉或不正当行为的要求返还之诉
condictio?possessionis?占有返还之诉
condictio?triticaria?(=certae?rei)?返还特定物之诉??conditio?条件
conditio?facti?事实条件??conditio?iuris?法定条件
condoniu(nio)?共有
condoniupro?diviso?已？（可）分物共有??condoniupro?indiviso?未？（不可）分物共有??conductio?赁借货，租赁，承揽，雇佣??confarreatio?共食婚，祭祀婚
confessio?in?iure?在裁判官面前承认对方的权利??confusio?混同
connubiu通婚权??consanguinitas?血亲
consanguinitatis?ius?血亲关系??consecratio?献祭刑??consensus?合意
consiliuprincipis?君主顾问委员会，枢密院??consistoriuprincipis?御前内阁??consortiu结合
8
constitutiones?principu君主谕令，皇帝敕令??constitutudebiti?约定延期清偿
constitutupossessoriu占有名义的改定??consuetudo?习惯??consul?执政官
consul?aquaru?管水官
consul?sine?collega?独任执政官，无同僚的执政官??contractus?契约
contractus?consensu?合意契约，诺成契约??contractus?iginarius?虚假的契约??contractus?innonati?无名契约??contractus?litteris?文书契约??contractus?re?要物契约
contractus?stricti?iuris?严法契约??contractus?verbis?口头契约
contractus?bonae?fidei?善意契约，诚信契约??contrarius?consensus?相反合意??contuberniu奴隶的同居??contucia?缺席判决??contulia?侵辱??contutor?共同监护人
conubiuconnubiu?婚姻能力，婚姻，通婚权??conventio?协议
conventio?in?nu归顺夫权??conventus(reus)?被告人??cooptatio?补选？
corporalis?possessio?事实上的占有??corporatio?团体，行会??corpus?体素，社团，实物
corpus?iuris?civilis?市民法大全，国法大全??corpus?iuris?canonici?寺院法大全??corrector?督察??corruptela?贿赂??corruptor?行贿人??creditor?债权人
creditor?hereditatis?遗产的债权人??cretio?接受遗产的正式声明??crin?犯罪，公犯，罪刑??crin?aitus?选举舞弊
crin?expilatae?hereditatis?滥用遗产的犯罪，盗窃遗产的犯罪??culpa?过错，过失
culpa?aquiliana?阿奎利亚法的过失??culpa?lata?重过失??culpa?levis?轻过失
12
edictude?pretiis?reruvenaliu关于被卖物价格的告示??edictugistratu长官告示??edictunovu新颁告示
edictuperetoriu限定期限的告示？??edictuperpetuu永久告示-\??edictuprincipis?君主告示?\
edictuprovinciale?行省告示?\-?-?-?-?-?-?\
edicturepentinu特别告示，紧急告示，临时告示?/???edictutralaticiu传袭告示??electio?选择权
encipati?脱离父权的人
encipatio?脱离父权，解放奴隶??ehyteusis?永佃权??ehyteuta?永佃权人
etio?ad?gustu试买？??etio?rei?seperatae?*？
etio?spei?购买希望，预买，（期待权）??etio?venditio?买卖??etor?买方，买受人
etor?faliae?家产买受人？??epistula?敕函??error?错误，误解
error?circa?indoleet?natura对特性和性质的错误？??error?in?corpore?对体态的错误，标的物的错误？??error?in?quantitate?数量错误
error?in?substantia?材料错误，物质的错误??erroris?causae?probatio?错误原因的证明？??eventu结果??evictio?追夺，追索
evocatio?edictis?告示传唤
evocatio?denunciationibus?通知传唤??evocatio?litteris?信函传唤
ex?causa?lucrativa?有偿（契约）??exceptio?抗辩
exceptio?dilatoria?限期抗辩??exceptio?doli(li)?欺诈之抗辩
exceptio?in?factu基于事实的抗辩??exceptio?iurisiurandi?宣誓抗辩
exceptio?iusti?donii?正当所有权之抗辩，合法所有人之抗辩??exceptio?labeoniana?拉贝奥抗辩??exceptio?liberatoria?免责抗辩??exceptio?tus?胁迫之抗辩
exceptio?non?adilendi?contractus?未履约之抗辩
exceptio?pacti?conventi?因达成协议的抗辩、已缔结简约之抗辩
13
exceptio?pacti?de?non?petendo?依据不得再请求简约之抗辩??exceptio?rei?iudicatae?既判物之抗辩，即判力
exceptio?rei?venditae?et?traditae?交付出卖物的抗辩，买卖成交之抗辩，出卖并交付物的抗辩
exprossio?prossu?仲裁协议??exercitor?navis?船舶经营者??ex?facto?因事实
exheredatio?剥夺遗产，剥夺继承权，废除继承人??ex?iniuria?对人身的侵害、侮辱
ex?iniusta?causa?非正当原因，不正当原因??existitio?名誉减损
ex?iustis?nuptiis?基于合法婚姻??ex?peccato(ex?delicto)?私犯??expensilatio?约据之债??excusatio?免责事由
excusationes?tutoru监护豁免??executor?执行吏，执行人，执达员
exheredatio?inter?ceteros?未指名剥夺继承权??exheredatio?nonati指名剥夺继承权
extraordinaria?coercitio?被提起刑事诉讼，特别刑事诉讼？??extraordinariuiudiciu非常审判??exsecutio?执行
extraneus?heres?家外继承人??facio?ut?facias?换工??factu事实
facultas?agendi?行为能力??falsu伪造??falia?家庭
faliani?iure?广义家庭（宗亲家庭）??falia?proprio?iure?狭义家庭??fas?神法
favor?debitoris?债务人优惠制??favor?dotiu嫁资优惠制??favor?libertatis?自由权优先
favor?pupilloru被监护人优惠制??facti?ignorantia?事实不知??feriae?假期？
fidessarius?信托受益人??fidessu遗产信托??fideiussio?保证
fideiussor?以要式口约提供保证的担保人??fiducia?信托
filiafalias?家女??filiusfalias?家子
19 ius aquae ducendae 导水权，取水权 ius aquarunbsp;用水权 ius caduca vindicandi 空缺份额请求权 ius capiendi ex testanto 依据遗嘱取得权 ius civile 市民法 ius cognationis 血亲关系 ius ercii 贸易权，通商权，财产权 ius ne 一般法，共同法，普通法 ius connubii(=conubiu 通婚权，婚姻权 ius dicere(=lurisdictio) 提出诉讼 ius disponendi 处分权 ius edieiendi 告示权，敕令权 ius est ars boni et aequi 法是善良和公正的艺术 ius extraordinariunbsp;非常法 ius exulandi 流放权 ius faciendi 积极役权，作为权 ius flaivianunbsp;福拉维安法 ius fraternitatis 兄弟权 ius fruenndi 收益权 ius gentiunbsp;万民法 ius hereditatis 继承权 ius honorariunbsp;荣誉法，荣誉权（被选举权），长官法 iusiurandunbsp;liberti 被解放奴隶的允诺 ius liberorunbsp;子女权 ius lunufficiendorunbsp;采光权 ius grandi 迁徙权，移居权 ius litare 兵役法 ius naturale 自然法 ius non scriptunbsp;不成文法 ius novrnbsp;新法 ius noxae dandi 损害投偿权 ius papirianunbsp;帕皮里法 ius parietrnbsp;立墙权 ius perpetuunbsp;永久权，永佃权 ius postlinii(=postliniu 复境权 ius praelationes 优先权 ius privatunbsp;私法 ius prohibendi 禁止权，否决权 ius protiseos 优先权（=ius praelationis?） ius publicunbsp;公法 ius quiritiunbsp;市民权，市民法 ius respondendi 解答权 ius scriptunbsp;成文法 ius sepulchri 墓地权
20 ius singulare 个别法 ius sollee 市民法 ius sponsaliunbsp;订婚权 ius stillicidiunbsp;recipiendi （承受）滴水权？ ius suffragii 选举权 iussunbsp;命令 iusta causa 正当理由 iusta causa excusationis 正当免责事由 iusta causa replicationis 正当抗辩事由 iustae nuptiae 有效婚姻 iustitia 正义 iustitiunbsp;中止一切执法活动？（公法） ius tollendi 分离添附的权利 iustunbsp;pretiunbsp;公平价格 ius utendi 使用权 ius vendendi 出卖家子权 ius vetus 早期法，古法 ius vitae necisque 生杀权 ius vocandi 传唤权 labefactio 堕落 laesio enors 非常损害 latrociniunbsp;强盗团伙 latini liberti 被解放的拉丁人？ legatarius 受遗赠人 legatunbsp;遗赠 legatunbsp;annuunbsp;年息遗赠 legatunbsp;debiti 债务遗赠 legatunbsp;in genere 种类物遗赠 legatunbsp;in pecunia 现金遗赠 legatunbsp;iuriunbsp;in re aliena 他物权遗赠 legatunbsp;liberationis 免债遗赠 legatunbsp;nstruunbsp;月息遗赠 legatunbsp;nonis =
? 债权遗赠 legatunbsp;per daationenbsp;=
? 间接遗赠，嘱令遗赠，设立债权的遗赠 legatunbsp;per praeceptionenbsp;先取遗赠 legatunbsp;per vindicationenbsp;直接遗赠，指物遗赠，所有权遗赠 legatunbsp;sinendi do 容受遗赠 legatunbsp;speciei 特定物遗赠 leges ronanae barbaricae 蛮族法 leges generales 一般法律 leges ierfectae 不完全法，不完善法 leges nrs quanbsp;perfectae 不完全完善法 leges perfectae 完全法，完善法 leges regiae 君王法，王政法，王位法